Treaty ofTordesillas (1494)1494 Treaty ofTordesillasDivision of newlydiscovered landsbetween Portugal(East) and Spain(West).Set the foundationfor Europeanexploration andcolonization.Portuguese Arrive in India1498 Vasco daGama ReachesCalicutFirst European todiscover the searoute to India.Welcomed byZamorin, ruler ofCalicut.1505 Francisco deAlmeidaAppointedFirst PortugueseViceroy of India.Introduced BlueWater Policy andCartaz (tradelicense) system.Which allowedPortuguese tocontrol trade inIndian Ocean.1509 Alfonso deAlbuquerqueCaptured Goa in1510.Abolished Satipractice.1530 Nuno daCunhaShiftedPortuguese capitalfrom Cochin toGoa.1739 MarathasCapturePortugueseTerritoriesCaptured Salsetteand Bassein fromthe Portuguese.1600s PortugueseContributionsIntroducedtobacco andcashew nuts toIndia.Dutch in India1605 DutchEstablish 1stFactoryFactory atMasulipatnam(Andhra Pradesh).Dutch tradersfrom theNetherlands.English (British) in India1599 East IndiaCompanyFoundedCreated for tradein Asia.1600 RoyalCharter GrantedQueen Elizabeth Igave exclusivetrading rights toEast IndiaCompany.1608 WilliamHawkins inJahangir's CourtAttempted to gettrade rights.Arrived in Mughalcourt with HectorShip.1611 1stTemporaryFactoryEstablished atMasulipatnam.1613 1stPermanentFactoryEstablished atSurat.1615 Sir ThomasRoe VisitsJahangirReceived officialtrading rights.Danes in India1620 DanishFactory atTranquebarLocated inpresent-day TamilNadu.French in India1668 FrenchEstablish FactorySet up first factoryat Surat.Key Events, Battles & TreatiesBattle of Swally(1612)Also known asBattle of SuvaliBritish defeatedPortuguese nearSurat.This battle markedthe beginning ofBritish navaldominance overthe Portuguese inIndia, especiallyin Gujarat'sSwalley Hole nearSurat.Battle of Colachel1741BetweenMarthanda Verma(king ofTravancore) andDutch East IndiaCompanyEarly BengalNawabsEarly 1700sMurshid QuliKhan becomes 1stNawab of BengalCapitalMurshidabad.Appointed duringthe reign ofMughal EmperorFarrukhsiyar.In 1717 GoldenFarman Issued byFarrukhsiyarBritish East IndiaCompany allowedto trade tax-free inBengal.Only 3000 annualpayment toBengal Nawab.Company officialscan issue"Dastaks" (tradepermits)themselves.Known as the"Magna Carta ofBritish Trade inIndia".Siraj-Ud-Daulah& Battle ofPlassey1756Siraj-Ud-Daulahbecomes Nawabat age 23Grandson of AliWardi Khan.Clashed withBritish overunauthorizedfortification inFort William.1756 Black HoleTragedy ofCalcuttaBritish prisonerscaptured andconfined in asmall cell.Dozens died dueto suffocation.Battle of Plassey(1757)Battle of Plasseynear Palashi,BengalMajor turningpoint in Britishexpansion inIndia.Siraj-Ud-Daulah'sforces betrayed byMir Jafar.British led byRobert Clive.Siraj was killed(fought bravelywith Mir Madan'ssupport).Mir Jafar installedas Nawab byBritish.Robert Clive +Mir Jafar vs.Sirajuddaullah.Led to British rulein Bengal.Black HoleTragedy (1756)was a key event.Mughal emperorAlamgir-II wasruling the empirewhen the Battle ofPlassey tookplace.Battle ofChinsurah (1759)Also know byname Battle ofBedara andHooghly.Britishersdefeated Dutch onbanks of Hooghly.Battle of Buxar(1764)Battle of Buxar inBiharPost-1757 (Battleof Plassey) MirQasim becomesNawabReplaced MirJafar.Ends Dastaksystem.Shifts capital fromMurshidabad toMunger.British (HectorMunro) vs. MirQasim + AlamShah II +Shuja-ud-Daula +Balwant Singh.Mir Qasim,Nawab of BengalShuja-ud-Daula,Nawab of AwadhBalwant Singh,Maharaja of theBenaras StateShah Alam II,Emperor of theMughal EmpireBritish East IndiaCompanyCommanded byMajor HectorMunro -Assembled anarmy of Indiansepoys andcavalryBritish victoryconfirmedmilitarydominance.Secured Britishcontrol overBengal, Bihar, andOudh.Allahabad Treaty(1765)Signed in 1765between theBritish East IndiaCompany andMughal EmperorShah Alam IIShah Alam IIgrants Diwani(revenuecollection) toBritish East IndiaCompany.Nizamat (law &administration)retained byNawabs.Robert CliveappointedGovernor ofBengal.Robert Cliveintroduced DualGovernment usingPitt's India Act .System of "DualGovernment"begins.Marked beginningof British politicaland constitutionalinvolvement inIndia.Diwani - Britisheconomic control.Nizamat - Localadministration.The treaty wassigned inPrayagraj.Abolition of DualGovt (1772)Warren Hastingscentralized powerby Abolition ofDual Govt.British assumecomplete controlover Bengaladministration.To centralizepower and reducethe administrativecomplexity inBengal.End of symbolicNawab authority.Carnatic Wars (1746–1763)1st Carnatic War(1746-48)Fought primarilybetween Britishand French forcesin India as anextension of theirEuropeanconflicts.Won by FrenchEnded with TreatyofAix-la-Chapelle.2nd Carnatic War(1749-54)Started with Battleof AmburThe French andBritish vied forcontrol of theCarnatic region,with local rulersoften involved inthe alliances.Won by BritishEnded with Treatyof Pondicherry.3rd Carnatic War(1757-63)Also Know asBattle ofWandiwash -1760.Ended with Treatyof Paris.British victoryunder Eyre Cooteagainst FrenchComte de Lally.This treatyeffectively endedFrench power inIndia, paving theway for Britishdominance.Note - Dupleixwas frenchgovernor generalwho have majorrole in carnaticwars.Anglo-Mysore Wars (Wodeyar Dynasty) (1767-99)1767-1769 1stAnglo-MysoreWarHyder Ali (alignedwith French)allied withMarathas andNizam.Mysore defeatedthe British; Treatyof Madras signed.1780-1784 2ndAnglo-MysoreWarHyder Ali dieddue to cancer.Tipu Sultansucceeded him.Treaty ofMangalore signed– Britishwithdrew.1790-1792 3rdAnglo-MysoreWarTipu Sultan wasdefeated; Capital– Seringapatam.Treaty ofSeringapatamsigned.Heavy indemnity(fine) and twosons of Tipu takenas hostages.1798-1799 4thAnglo-MysoreWarTipu Sultan diedin battle.Puppet rulerinstalled.Mysore acceptedSubsidiaryAlliance.Death of TipuSultan(Sher-e-Mysore).SubsidiaryAlliance SystemSubsidiaryAlliance System1798 Introducedby Dupleix(French) & usedby Lord WellesleyAdopted by -1798 Hyderabadaccepted1799 Mysoreaccepted1799 Tanjoreaccepted1801 Awadhaccepted1802 Peshawar(Marathas)acceptedAnglo-MarathaWars (1775-1818)Anglo-MarathaWars (1775-1818)1st War (1775-82)Ended with Treatyof Salbai.2nd War(1803-05).British East IndiaCompany won -war resulted in theMarathas losing asignificant amountof territory.3rd War (1817-18)Treaty of Bassein(1802), led toMaratha defeat -Considered tohave been the"death knell of theMaratha Empire".Sikh Resistance in Punjab1809 Treaty ofAmritsarBetweenMaharaja RanjitSingh & British.Sukerchakia MislCone of the 12Sikh Misls)Sutlej Riverdeclaredboundary.1839 Death ofMaharaja RanjitSinghPower strugglebegan in Punjab.1845-1846 1stAnglo-Sikh WarTreaty of Lahoreand Treaty ofBhairowal signed.Battle of Aliwal(1846) occurredduring this war.BetweenBritishers +Maharaja DuleepSingh1848-1849 2ndAnglo-Sikh WarLed by Dalhousie(Governor generalof India).Duleep Singhcaptured.Kohinoordiamond taken toBritain (Means -Light of theMountains).Anglo-Afghan Wars1839-1842 1stAnglo-AfghanWarPolicy of MasterlyInactivity by JohnLawrence(Governorgeneral).1879-1880 2ndAnglo-AfghanWarTreaty ofGandamak signedduring ViceroyLytton's term.1919 3rdAnglo-AfghanWarMarked end ofBritish influencein Afghan internalmatters.British Expansionin Sindh1843 Annexationof SindhBritish took overSindh region (nowin modernPakistan) fromTalpurs.Revenue SystemsRevenue SystemsZamindari System(1793) - Bengal -Lord Cornwallis -PermanentSettlement -Hereditary RightRyotwari System(1820) - Madras -Munro & Reed -Ricardian systemMahalwariSystem (1822) -Punjab - HoltMackenzie &William BentinckBritish PoliciesSubsidiaryAlliance (1798)Introduced byLord Wellesley.Indian statesforced to acceptBritish protectionmaking themdependent on theBritish.Doctrine of Lapse(1848)Introduced byLord Dalhousie.This policyallowed theBritish to annexany princely statewhere the rulerdid not have adirect heir.Used to annexSatara,Sambalpur/Jaipur,Udaipur, Jhansi,and Nagpur.1853 - First trainin India (Bombayto Thane).Pre-1857MovementsImportantMovementsSanyasi Revolt -Inspired by"Anandamath" byB.C. Chatterjee.Paika Rebellion(1817) - Led byJagbandhuBidyadhar.Kuka Movement(1849) - Led bySatram Singh(Namdhari Sect).Important Revolts& MovementsImportant RevoltsSanthal Rebellion(1855) - Led bySidhu & Kanhu.Sepoy Mutiny(1857) - Triggeredby greasedcartridges.Marked as India'sFirst War ofIndependence.Indigo Revolt(1859) - Farmersprotested againstoppressive indigoplantations andpractices ofEuropean planters.- Led byDigambar &Bishnu Biswas -Highlighted in"Nil Darpan" byDinbandhu Mitra.Munda Uprising(1899) - Led byBirsa Munda -Outsiders referredto as "Dikus".First War ofIndependence -V.D. SavarkarBritish RuleReformsGovt. of India Act(1858) / Queen'sProclamation.Abolished EastIndia Company.Abolished DualControl - Board ofGovernor andControl ofDirectorGovernor Generalbecame Viceroy(Lord Canning).Peel commission -Number ofbritishersmembers moreand indian less.Secretary of Stateappointed(15-membercouncil).Lord Canning wasthe first Viceroyof India. Histenure lasted forfour yearsbetween 1858 and1862.Revolt of 1857Leaders of WarDelhi - BahadurShah Zafar II /Gen. Bhakt KhanVs NicholsonKanpur - NanaSaheb / TantiaTope Vs CampbellLucknow - BegumHazrat Mahal VsCampbellFaizabad - MaulviAhmadullah VsBritish forcesJhansi - RaniLakshmibai(Manikarnika) VsHugh RoseBihar - KunwarSingh Vs BritishforcesBareilly - KhanBahadur VsBritish forcesCauses of FailureNo CommonCause - Differentmotives amongleaders.Not an All IndiaMovement -Localized revolts.Lack of Unity -No participationfrom all sectionsof society.Commentary onRevoltVD Savarkar -First War ofIndependenceRC Majumdar -Viewed as a faileduprising.SN Sen - Called ita leaderlessmovement.Formation ofAssociationsFormation ofAssociationsEast IndiaAssociation(1866) - DadabhaiNaoroji - 'GrandOld Man of India'- Newspaper"Rast Goftar" -Drain TheoryPoorna SarvajanikSabha (1867/70) -MG RanadeIndian League(1875) - SisirKumar GhoshIndian NationalAssociation(1876) - AnandMohan Bose &SurendranathBanerjeeBombayPresidencyAssociation(1885) -Badruddin TyabjiMadras MahajanSabha (1884) -MGPMuslim League(1906) - Dacca -Founded byNawab Salimullah& Aga KhanIndian National Congress (INC)Indian NationalCongress (INC)Founded (1885) -A.O. Hume1st Session (1885)- Gokul DasTejpal SanskritCollege, Bombay- President W.C.Banerjee - 72delegates2nd Session(1886) - DadabhaiNaoroji - Kolkata3rd Session(1887) -Badaruddin Tyabji- Madras4th Session (1888)- George Yule -Allahabad1st WomanPresident (1917) -Annie Besant1st Indian WomanPresident (1925) -Sarojini NaiduNational Song(1896) - BankimChandra -Calcutta SessionNational Anthem(1911) -RabindranathTagore - CalcuttaSessionTheoriesRegardingCongressFormationSafety ValveTheory - LalaLajpat RaiConspiracyTheory - R.P. DuttLightningConductor Theory- Gopal KrishnaGokhale -Servants of IndianSociety (1905)Major Events in 20th CenturyMajor Events in20th CenturyBengal Partition(1905) - LordCurzonBanaras Session(1905) - GopalKrishna GokhaleCalcutta Session(1906)Resolutions forSwadeshi,Boycott, Swaraj,and NationalEducationGovernorsGeneralsFirstGovernor-Generalof Bengal -Warren HastingsFirstGovernor-Generalof British India -Lord WilliamBentinckFirstGovernor-Generalof IndependentIndia - LordMountbattenImportant ActsArms Act &Vernacular PressAct (1878) - LordLyttonRepealed by LordRipon (1882)Events DuringLord Ripon’sTenureEvents DuringLord Ripon’sTenureIlbert BillControversyFirst Factory Act(1881)Hunter EducationCommissionFirst CompleteCensusFather of LocalSelf GovernmentModerates & ExtremistsModerates(1885-1905)Key Leaders -Dadabhai Naoroji,Anand MohanBose, W.C.Banerjee, GopalKrishna Gokhale.Believed in PPP -Petition, Prayer,and Protest(Constitutionalmethods).Focus - Gradualreforms, Britishcooperation, andeconomic critique.KeyAchievements -Economic DrainTheory (DadabhaiNaoroji), ICSreforms, andadvocacy forIndianrepresentation.Extremists(1905-1919)Key Leaders -Lal-Bal-Pal (LalaLajpat Rai, BalGangadhar Tilak,Bipin ChandraPal).Surat Split (1907)- Moderates vs.Extremists(Differences overSwaraj andmethods).Beliefs -Swadeshi,Boycott, PassiveResistance.Methods - Directconfrontation,NationalEducationMovement,Revivalism.Muslim LeagueFormation (1906)Founded in Dhakaby NawabSalimullah & AgaKhan.Supported by theBritish underDivide and Rulepolicy.Initial Goal -Safeguard Muslimpolitical rights,later advocated forseparate nation(Pakistan).Annulment ofBengal Partition(1911)Annulled by LordHardinge II due tostrong opposition(SwadeshiMovement).Capital Shift -British shiftedcapital fromKolkata to Delhito curb nationalistsentiment.Surat Split (1907)INC President -Rash BehariGhosh.Cause - ConflictbetweenModerates &Extremists overSwaraj andmilitant methods.Impact -Temporarydecline in INC'seffectiveness,Extremists laterled movementslike Home Rule.Reforms and MovementsMorley-MintoReforms (1909)Government ofIndia Act 1909.SeparateElectorate forMuslims.One Indianmember in theExecutive Body -SatyendraPrasanna Sinha.RevolutionaryActivities AbroadIndian Home RuleSociety/IndiaHouse (1905,London) -Shyamji KrishnaVerma.Berlin Committee(1915) -VirendranathChattopadhyay.The GhadarProgrammeInternationalrevolutionarymovement tooverthrow Britishrule.Headquarters -San Francisco,USA.Leaders - LalaHar Dayal, SohanSingh Bhakna.Alipore BombConspiracy (1908)Target - JudgeKingford.Prafulla Chaki -Suicide.Khudiram Bose -Hanged.Aurobindo Ghosh- Released.OtherRevolutionaryMovementsRamosi PeasantForce (1879) -Led by VasudevBalwant Phadke.ChapekarBrothersAssassination(1897) - KilledRand, PlagueCommissioner ofPune.Mitra Mela (1899)- Founded bySavarkar Brothers.Abhinav BharatSociety (1904) -Revolutionaryorganization.Lucknow Session(1916)Lucknow Session(1916)CongressPresident -Ambika CharanMajumdar.Key SignificanceReunion ofModerates andExtremists.Congress-MuslimLeague LucknowPact forHindu-Muslimunity.Home Rule League (1916)Annie Besant'sHome RuleLeagueHQ - Madras.Newspapers -New India &Commonweal.Bal GangadharTilak's Home RuleLeagueHQ - Pune,Maharashtra.Newspapers -Kesari (Marathi)& Maratha(English).Called "Father ofIndian Unrest" byBritish authorValentine Chirol.Montagu-ChelmsfordReforms (1919)Government ofIndia Act 1919Extended SeparateElectorates tomorecommunities.IntroducedDyarchy inProvinces.Reserved Subjects- British Control(Police, Revenue).TransferredSubjects - IndianMinisters(Education,Health).IntroducedBicameralism inCentre.Emergence of GandhiGandhi in SouthAfrica1894 FoundedNational IndianCongress.1904 CreatedPhoenix Farm andTolstoy Farm forself-reliance.1904 Launched'Indian Opinion'newspaper.1915 Returned toIndia - 9 January -(Pravasi BharatiyaDivas).Gandhi in India1917 ChamparanSatyagraha -AgainstTinkathiya system(Force to Indigofarmers), Invitedby RajkumarShukla..1918 AhmedabadMill Strike - Fairwages forworkers, Invitedby Anusuyabai.1918 KhedaSatyagraha - Landrevenue relief forfamine-strickenfarmers.Supported bySardar Patel, wholater led theBardoliSatyagraha(1928), earninghim the title"Sardar."Non-Cooperation& KhilafatMovement (1920)Non-Cooperation& KhilafatMovement (1920)1919 KhilafatMovement - Ledby Ali Brothers,aimed atHindu-Muslimunity.1919 RowlattSatyagraha -Opposeddetention withouttrial (RowlattAct).1919 JallianwalaBagh Massacre,13 April 1919 -General Dyerordered firing,leading to masscasualties.Udham SinghassassinatedMichael O’Dwyerin London in1940.Gandhiji Gave uptitle -Kaiser-e-Hind -BoerRabindranathTagore Gave uptitle - KnighthoodSwaraj MovementNon-CooperationMovement 19201920Non-CooperationMovement -Endorsed atCalcutta andNagpur Sessions.1921 EkaMovement (UP) -Peasant unrest.1922 MalabarUprising (Kerala)- Againstoppressivelandlords.1922Chauri-ChauraIncident(4February) -Protest turnedviolent, leading towithdrawal of themovement.Swaraj Party 19231923 Swaraj Party- Formed by C.R.Das & MotilalNehru.Division - Splitinto No-Changers(wanted to boycottcouncils) andPro-Changers(wanted to contestelections tooppose policiesfrom within).Ajmal Khan andmembers of AllIndia KhilafatSwaraj Party.Key Terms andConcepts RecapKey TermsDyarchy - Dualgovernancesystem introducedby theGovernment ofIndia Act of 1919.SeparateElectorates - Adivisive Britishstrategy to gaincontrol bycreating separatepolitical groups.Non-CooperationMovement - Alarge-scale protestled by Gandhiagainst Britishpolicies.RevolutionaryActivitiesRevolutionaryActivities1920 -Communist Partyof India (CPI),Founded by M.N.Roy, Establishedin Tashkent,Uzbekistan1920 - All IndiaTrade UnionCongress(AITUC) - KeyFigures DiwanChaman Lal,Narayan MalharJoshi, Lala LajpatRai1924 - HindustanRepublicanAssociation(HRA) - Foundedby SachindranathSanyal, RamPrasad Bismil.1925 - HRA -KakoriConspiracy - Trainrobbery to fundrevolution.Participants -Rajendra Lahiri,SachindranathSanyal, RamPrasad Bismil1928 - HindustanSocialistRepublicanAssociation(HSRA) - Led byChandrashekharAzad & BhagatSingh.1928 - Saunders'Assassination -Retaliation forLala Lajpat Rai’sdeath.1930 - ChittagongArmoury Raid -Led by Surya Sen.1931 - 23 March,Execution ofBhagat Singh,Sukhdev, andRajguru.Caste & LabourMovementsCaste & LabourMovements1924 -Self-RespectMovement -Founded by E.V.RamaswamyNaicker.1925 - JusticeParty - Socialjustice movement.1927 - MahadSatyagraha - Ledby Dr. B.R.Ambedkar forDalit water rights.1930 - TempleEntry Movement -Dr. Ambedkar ledefforts for Dalitaccess to temples.Key TermsKey Terms1919 - DyarchySystem -Introduced byGovt. of IndiaAct, 1919.1919 - SeparateElectorates - Usedby British todividecommunities.1920 -Non-CooperationMovement -Large-scaleprotest againstBritish policies.SimonCommission(1927-28)SimonCommission(1927-28)SimonCommission -Arrived in India in1928, all-white7-member body.1928 - Arrives inIndia, met withprotests.Response -Motilal Nehruauthored acounter-report.Jinnah -Formulated 14Points in responseto communalissues..CivilDisobedienceMovement(CDM) & RTCCivilDisobedienceMovementIrwin Declaration- Promise ofdominion status.Delhi Manifesto(1929) - INCdemands fullindependence.Regional LeadersTamil Nadu - C.RajagopalachariMalabar - K.Kelappan(VaikomSatyagraha)Orissa -GopalbandhuBihar - AmbikaKant Sinha(Nakhas PondMovement)Dharsana (SaltMarch) - SarojiniNaiduPeshawar(NWFP) - KhanAbdul GhaffarKhan ("FrontierGandhi") with(KhudaiKhidmatgar)Manipur &Nagaland - RaniGaidinliuINC’s 1924Belgaum Session(Karnataka) Onlysession presidedover by Gandhi.MobilizationTactics for CDM -CommunityEngagement -Prabhat Pheris,Vanar Sena,Manjari SenaLahore Session ofINC 1929Presided by -Jawaharlal NehruKey ResolutionsGoal of PurnaSwaraj (CompleteIndependence)Jan 26, 1930 -First"IndependenceDay"Flag Hoisting -Ravi RiverCDM Launch -Start of CivilDisobedienceMovementBoycott -Decision toboycott RoundTable ConferencesCivil Disobedience Movement (CDM) &Round Table ConferencesCDM & RoundTable Conferences(1929-31)1929 - IrwinDeclaration -Promise ofDominion Status.1929 - DelhiManifesto - INCdemands fullindependence.1930 - LahoreSession - PurnaSwarajResolution.1930 - Gandhi’sDandi March(March 12 - April6) - Protestagainst Salt Tax.1931 -Gandhi-Irwin Pact- Suspension ofCDM,participation in2nd RTC.1931 - KarachiResolution -FundamentalRights &Economic Policy.Round TableConferences(RTC) & PoonaPact1930 - First RTC -No INCparticipation.1931 - SecondRTC - Gandhirepresented INC.1932 - Third RTC- No majorbreakthrough.Communal Award & Poona Pact - 1932 - Both agreements related to the rights ofmarginalized groups in IndiaCommunal Award1932Communal Awardby RamsayMacDonald -Separateelectorates.The award grantedseparateelectorates tovarious religiousand socialcommunities inIndia.The award wasintended toempowermarginalizedgroups, but it alsothreatened todivide the country.The award wascontroversial andreceived criticismfrom Gandhi, whobelieved it woulddivide Hindus andUntouchables.Poona Pact 1932The pact was theresult ofnegotiationsbetween Gandhiand Ambedkar inresponse to theCommunalAward.Agreementbetween Gandhi& Ambedkar atYerwada Jail toreplace separateelectorates withreserved seats.The pact endedthe proposal forseparateelectorates.The pact redefinedthe rights andrepresentation ofthe Dalitcommunity inIndia.Gandhi’s InitiativeHarijan SevakSangh (1932)Anti-UntouchabilityLeagueAmbedkar’sContributionsScheduled CastesFederation (1942)Bahishkrit HitkariSabha (1924)Newspaper -MuknayakGovernment ofIndia Act (1935)Government ofIndia Act (1935)1935 - Dyarchy atCentre, Abolishedin Provinces.1935 -Bicameralism in6/11 Provinces.1935 - ProposedAll-IndiaFederation.Haripura &Tripuri Sessions(1938-39)Haripura &Tripuri Sessions(1938-39)1938 - HaripuraSession - SubhasChandra Boseelected INCPresident.1939 - TripuriSession - Bosere-elected butresigns.1939 - Bosefounded the AllIndia ForwardBloc.Cripps Mission &Quit IndiaMovementCripps Mission &Quit IndiaMovement1942 - CrippsMission -Proposal forDominion Status,rejected.1942 - Quit IndiaMovement -Gandhi’s "Do orDie" call.1942 -UndergroundRadio - UshaMehta broadcastsmessages.Indian NationalArmy (INA) &Royal IndianNavy MutinyINA & RoyalIndian NavyMutiny1942 - INAformed by MohanSingh, later led bySubhas ChandraBose.1942 - Slogans -"Delhi Chalo,""Jai Hind," "Giveme blood..."1945 - INA Trialsat Red Fort - PremSehgal, GurbakshDhillon, ShahNawaz Khan.1946 - RoyalIndian NavyMutiny -Nationwide navalrebellion againstBritish rule.Cabinet MissionPlan (1946)Cabinet MissionPlan (1946)1946 - Sent byBritain to planIndia'sindependence.Members - A.V.Alexander,Stafford Cripps,Pethick-Lawrence.Modern History India Timeline
